Clayton Formation

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Lithostratigraphy: Embayment Megagroup >>Clayton Formation
Chronostratigraphy: Cenozoic Erathem >>Tertiary System >>Paleocene Series

Primary source

Willman, H. B., Elwood Atherton, T. C. Buschbach, Charles Collinson, John C. Frye, M. E. Hopkins, Jerry A. Lineback, and Jack A. Simon, 1975, Handbook of Illinois Stratigraphy: Illinois State Geological Survey Bulletin 95, 261 p.

Contributing author(s)

H. B. Willman and John C. Frye

Name

Original description

Clayton Formation (Landon, 1891, p. 594).

Derivation

Named for exposures near Clayton, Barbour County, Alabama.

Other names

History/background

Type section

Type location

Type author(s)

Type status

Reference section

Reference location

Reference author(s)

Reference status

Stratigraphic relationships

Extent and thickness

The Clayton Formation is persistently present at the base of the Paleocene Series in southern Illinois (Pryor and Ross, 1962). It is well exposed in a small ravine northwest of U.S. Dam 53 in Pulaski County (SE NW NE 13, 15S-1E). It is commonly 15-20 feet thick.

Lithology

The Clayton consists of glauconitic, micaceous, green to buff silty clay that is sandy and pebbly at the base. The Clayton is generally less sandy and more glauconitic than the Owl Creek Formation below, and the contact, which is unconformable, is marked by pebbles of white and black chert and iron oxide in the base of the Clayton.

Core(s)

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Contacts

Well log characteristics

Fossils

Foraminifera are the main fossils in the Clayton Formation, but the remains of radiolarians and other plankton also are present.

Age and correlation

Environments of deposition

Economic importance

Remarks

References

LANDON, D. W., 1891, Variations in the Cretaceous and Tertiary strata of Alabama: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 2, p. 587-605.
PRYOR, W. A., and C. A. ROSS, 1962, Geology of the Illinois parts of the Cairo, La Center, and Thebes Quadrangles: Illinois State Geological Survey Circular 332, 39 p.

ISGS Codes

Stratigraphic Code Geo Unit Designation
1290
Tc