Historical:Colchester Coal Member

	Handbook of Illinois Stratigraphy
Series	Bulletin 95
Author	H. B. Willman, Elwood Atherton, T. C. Buschbach, Charles Collinson, John C. Frye, M. E. Hopkins, Jerry A. Lineback, Jack A. Simon
Date	1975
Link	Web page
PDF	PDF file
Store	ISGS Store

	Handbook of Illinois Stratigraphy
Series	Bulletin 95
Author	H. B. Willman, Elwood Atherton, T. C. Buschbach, Charles Collinson, John C. Frye, M. E. Hopkins, Jerry A. Lineback, Jack A. Simon
Date	1975
Link	Web page
PDF	PDF file
Store	ISGS Store

Lithostratigraphy: Kewanee Group >>Carbondale Formation >>Colchester Coal Member
Chronostratigraphy: Paleozoic Erathem >>Pennsylvanian Subsystem >>Desmoinesian Series
Allostratigraphy: Absaroka Sequence

Authors

M. E. Hopkins and J. A. Simon

Name Origin

The Colchester (No. 2) Coal Member of the Carbondale Formation, the lowest member, was designated No. 2 by Worthen (1866, p. 59) for the coal in a mine shaft at Highland, Madison County. Worthen also used the name Colchester for the same coal at Colchester, McDonough County (1868, p. 11), and also (1870, p. 96-97) for an exposure 1.5 miles west of Vermont, Fulton County.

Type Section

Wanless (1956, p. 10) designated exposures near Colchester as the type section (12, 13, 5N-4W).

Other Names

The coal has also been called the La Salle (No. 2) Coal or the "Third Vein" coal in northern Illinois.

Correlation

It is correlated with the Croweburg coal of Missouri and Kansas, the Schultztown of western Kentucky, the Broken Arrow or Croweburg of Oklahoma, the Whitebreast of Iowa, the Colchester Coal Member (IIIa) of Indiana, and tentatively with the Lower Kittanning Coal of the Appalachian field (Wanless, 1957).

Extent and Thickness

It is very extensive in Illinois and is thought to be one of the most widespread coals in the United States. It is generally thin, varying from a fraction of an inch to 18 inches in southern, central, and eastern Illinois, and is rather uniformly 2-3.5 feet thick throughout much of northern and western Illinois, where it has been extensively mined.

Stratigraphic Position

It is overlain directly by either the black Mecca Quarry Shale Member, or, in parts of western and most of northern Illinois, by the gray Francis Creek Shale Member. It is underlain by a well developed underclay.

Description

The Colchester Coal is a normal, bright-banded coal (fig. P-3C).

Fig. P-3C -- Mecca Quarry Shale Member (M) of the Carbondale Formation in which a large limestone concretion is present (at the hammer), overlying the Colchester (No. 2) Coal Member (C) just south of Viola, Mercer County.

References

WANLESS, H. R., 1956, Classification of the Pennsylvanian rocks of Illinois as of 1956: Illinois State Geological Survey Circular 217, 14 p.
WANLESS, H. R., 1957, Geology and mineral resources of the Beardstown, Glasford, Havana, and Vermont Quadrangles: Illinois State Geological Survey Bulletin 82, 233 p.
WORTHEN, A. H., 1866, Geology: Geological Survey of Illinois, v. 1, 504 p.
WORTHEN, A. H., 1868, Geology and paleontology: Geological Survey of Illinois, v. 3, 574 p.
WORTHEN, A. H., 1870, Geology and paleontology: Geological Survey of Illinois, v. 4, 508 p.

ISGS Codes

Stratigraphic Code	Geo Unit Designation
3020	Pc-c